Skip to main content

sickle cell crisis | sickle cell anemia

Zika virus

Zika virus

Name found its way from the zika forest in Uganda, where it was first diagnosed.
Some facts-
1. Viral illness - fever , joint pain, conjutivitis ( red eyes), rash which is similar to dengue or chikengunia. Spread by mosquito bites.
2. Not very dangerous only kids or pregnant women to be careful as they can develop some neurological side effects.
3. Its not a new disease it has been there for a long time in the world.
4. There has been no mortality in the 64 cases detected in Jaipur.
5. Testing for zika is a very difficult & we can liase with local authority or National institute of virology, pune for serological testing.
6. The only thing which needs to be taken care is if a women is infected the child in her womb can be born with birth defects.
Please treat patient symptomatically and with supportive care - fortunately for most people its not life threatening.

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Tetanus | tetany | Hypoparathyroidism | Hypocalcemia | Disorder of parathyroid gland | hypercalcaemia | hyperparathyroidism

[Disorder of parathyroid gland]- There are two types of parathyroid disorder- 1. Hypoparathyroidism 2. Hyperparathyroidism 1. Hypoparathyroidism ( Hypocalcemia) • Hypo secretion of PTH(parathormone), leads to decrease in blood calcium level. Causes of hypoparathyroidism- a. Parathyroidectomy Surgical removal of parathyroid gland b. Thyroidectomy During Surgival removal of thyroid gland , removal of parathyroid gland c. Pseudo hypoparathyroidism •  There is deficiency of receptors for parathormone (PTH) in target cells, • in this the secretion of PTH is normal or may be increased but hormone can not act on the target cells. d. Autoimmune disease >Effect of Hypoparathyroidism- • due to decrease in resorption of calcium from bones hypoparathyroidism leads to Hypocalcemia. • it causes neuromuscular hyperexcitability , resulting in hypocalcemic tetany. * Normally tetany occurs when plasma calcium level decreases below 6mg/dl. # normal plasma calcium level=

Stroke

Stroke- Presentation of stroke- Sudden onset focal deficit of cerebral function is the most common presentation. Alternative presentation include apparent confusion ( due to dysphasia or visualpatial impairment), seizures, declining level of consciousness or global loss of brain function and coma . If the symptoms last for >24 hrs ( or lead to death) and there is no apparent cause other than a vascular event,the diagnosis is most likely to be a stroke.if the symptoms last < 24 hrs and after adequate investigation, are presumed to be due to thrombosis or embolism, the diagnosis is a TIA.( Transient ischemic attack) CAUSE: Thrombosis or embolism causing cerebral infarction ( 80%) Primary inter cerebral haemorrhage (15%) Subarachnoid haemorrhage (5%) Cerebral venous thrombosis (1%) RISK FACTOR: GLOBAL Increasing age Hypertension Diabetes Family history Dyslipidemia Homocysteinaemia LIFESTYLE Drug abuse Smoking O

Polycythemia vera | Polycythemia | Ayerza disease

POLYCYTHEMIA- Increase in RBC count is called polycythemia. > Increase in RBC count occurs in these conditions- A. Physiological variation B. Pathological variations A. Physiological variations When RBC count increases in physiological conditions it is called physiological polycythemia. • increase in RBC count in this condition is temporary or marginal. It occurs in following conditions- 1. Age RBC count at birth= 8-10 million/cu mm of blood • in infants and growing childrens RBC count is more than adults. [RBC] infants > [RBC] adults * Physiological jaundice Because, Within 10days after birth RBC counts decrease due to destruction of RBCs. 2. High altitude Due to hypoxia ( decreased oxygen supply to tissue) RBC count in High altitude resedents, above 10000 feet from sea level( mountains)  = >7 million/cu mm • Hypoxia stimulates kidney for secretion of erythropoietin hormone. • erythropoietin hormone stimulates the bone marrow for production of RBCs.